• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Method for determining the resistance to opening of meshes of a network, comprising the steps of: (a) extending a sample of the network in the normal direction of the meshes allowing them to deform freely in the transverse direction, so that the force applied in the transverse direction on each mesh of the sample is zero; (b) measuring the length of the sample in the normal direction of the meshes and the force applied on the sample in said normal direction; (c) recording said pair of force and length measurements; (d) repeating steps (a) to (c) for different degrees of sample extension. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2546742A1
    申请号:ES201400262
    申请日:2014-03-28
    公开日:2015-09-28
    发明作者:Manuel Jesús GONZÁLEZ CASTRO；Amelia DE LA PRADA ARQUER
    申请人:Universidade da Coruna；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    mathematical complexity, which is described on pages 9-10, and a version called asymptotic, much simpler than the previous one, described on page 7.
    A method to measure the resistance to the opening of mesh networks is described in the article "Experimental method for quantifying resistance to the opening of netting panels", 2007, ICES J Mar Sci 64: 1573-1578 (Room et aL). This method extends a rectangular network sample in the normal and transverse directions simultaneously, measuring in both directions the applied forces and the length of the extended sample. Next, the flexural stiffness of the El wire and the geometrical properties of the network sample (length of the wire between nodes, size of the knots and angle of the threads at its ends) are estimated by regression analysis of the experimental data obtained, using the theoretical model for resistance to opening called the asymptotic model described in O'Neill (2002). The method of Sala et al. you need a measuring instrument capable of extending the network sample simultaneously in the normal and transverse directions. The instrument described in the article is expensive, complex and complicated to handle.
    EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    The present disclosure discloses a method for determining the resistance to the opening of meshes of networks, by extending a network sample in the normal direction of the meshes, leaving free the deformation of the meshes of said sample in the transverse direction.
    Said method presents a first phase comprising the following stages:
    (to) extending a sample of the net in the normal direction of the meshes allowing them to deform freely in the transverse direction, so that the force applied in the transverse direction on each mesh of the sample is zero;
    (b) measuring the length of the sample in the normal direction of the meshes and the force applied on the sample in said normal direction;
    (c) record said pair of force and length measurements;
    (d) Repeat steps (a) to (c) for different degrees of sample extension, obtaining a set of experimental data that characterize the resistance
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    at the opening of the sample.
    Thanks to leaving free the meshes in the transverse direction simplifiesnotably the instrumentation necessary to obtain the experimental data(which are the pairs of associated strength and length measurements), since it is onlyIt is necessary to extend the network sample in the normal direction, and it is only necessarymeasure the applied force and the length of the sample in the normal direction.
    The method can include a second phase of analysis of said dataExperimental that understands adjust a theoretical model of resistance toopening of meshes to the experimental data, in order to estimate the parametersof said theoretical model. In particular, the method may comprise the followingadditional stage to be carried out following the ones exposed for the first phase:-based on the set of pairs of force and length measurements obtainedpreviously, estimate the parameters of a theoretical model that describes theresistance to the opening of network meshes through mathematical relationshipsbetween the forces applied to the meshes and the deformations thereof.
    Once the parameters of the theoretical model have been estimated, said model canused to predict the dimensions and shape of the meshes of a net clothknown the forces that act on it, that is, to predict thedeformation of the mesh of the network as a function of the forces acting onthey.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Next, some embodiments will be described by way of non-limiting example.of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 represents a diamond-shaped mesh at rest, with itsdirections normal (1) and transverse (2);Figure 2 represents a diamond-shaped mesh extended in the directionnormal, showing the effect of resistance to opening;Figure 3 represents a diamond-shaped mesh extended in the directioncross;
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which a net sample is extended in the normal direction while the deformation of its meshes in the transverse direction is left free; Figure 5 illustrates the deformation in the meshes of the sample during the process of obtaining experimental data; and figure 6 represents the normal length of a network sample (vertical axis) versus normal force applied on it (horizontal axis): the circles represent experimental data obtained from a real sample and the curves represent the settings of different theoretical models obtained by regression analysis of said experimental data.
    DETAILED EXHIBITION OF REALIZATION MODES
    In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for measuring the resistance to the opening of meshes of a network sample, by the method of obtaining experimental data shown in Figure 4. The network sample (3) has a rectangular shape and their meshes define two perpendicular directions called normal direction (1) and transverse direction (2), as illustrated in Figure 1. The sample (3) is held by the nodes of its two edges parallel to the transverse direction (2). ) to a fixed clamping piece (4) and to a mobile clamping piece (5), by means of the clamping means (6). The clamping means (6) keeps the distance in the normal direction between the knots of the clamped edge and the clamping piece (4,5) constant, while allowing the transverse distance between the knots of the clamped edge to vary freely when the sample is extended in the normal direction, so that the transverse force supported by each of the subject nodes is zero. The fixed clamping piece (4) is rigidly connected to the bed (7), while the mobile clamping piece (5) is connected to the bed (7) by means of a sliding kinematic pair (8) that allows it to move in the normal direction (1) of the sample meshes (3). When applying a normal tensile force
    (9) on the moving holding part (5), the extension of the sample in the normal direction and an increase in its normal length (10) occurs. Figure 5 illustrates the deformation produced in the meshes of the sample (3) when the mobile clamping piece (5) moves away from the fixed clamping piece (4): the meshes are opened in the normal direction, while they close in the transverse direction thanks to the above-described characteristics of the fastening means (6).
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    The obtaining of experimental data is carried out by moving the mobile clamping piece (5) and measuring the force (9) applied on the sample in the normal direction and the length of the sample (10) in the normal direction. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, predetermined values of the normal force (9) can be applied and the normal length (10) associated with each of them measured. In another alternative embodiment displacements of the movable holding part (5) that generate predetermined values of the normal length (10), and measure the normal force (9) associated therewith can be applied. In another alternative embodiment a control system can control the translation speed of the movable holding part (5) while measuring the normal force (9) and the normal distance (10) at different time instants.
    The extension applied to the network sample should not be so high as to cause appreciable elongation of the meshes of the meshes. The result of the process of obtaining experimental data comprises a set of pairs of values (Fn1, Ln (F /, L /) ... composed of the normal forces Fni applied to the sample and the corresponding normal lengths Lni of the sample .
    The particular characteristics of the instrument used to obtain the experimental data, such as dimensions, materials or performance and measurement techniques, will be independent of the object of the invention.
    In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for measuring the resistance to the opening of meshes of a network sample, by means of an experimental data analysis method comprising:
    (to) A set of pairs of values (Fn1, Ln (F /, L /) ... composed of the normal forces Fni applied to the sample and the corresponding normal lengths Lni of the sample, obtained with the method of obtaining experimental data previously described.
    (b) A theoretical model that describes the resistance to the opening of meshes of said sample, that is, it relates the forces applied to the meshes with the deformations thereof. This theoretical model is a function of a certain number of geometric and mechanical parameters of the sample. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, the parameters of the theoretical model can be: number of meshes mn and mt
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    of the sample in the normal and transverse directions respectively, normal force Fn and transverse Ft applied to the sample, lengths Ln and Lt of the sample measured in normal and transverse directions respectively, lengths a and b of the sample nodes measured in the normal direction and transversal, respectively, flexural rigidity The one of the strands of the meshes, length Ltwine of the threads of the meshes and angle between the threads of the meshes and the transverse direction, measured in the points of insertion of the threads with the knots; then the theoretical model can be expressed by a set of mathematical relations of the form f (mn, mt, Fn, Ft, Ln, Lt, a, b, El, Ltwine, e) = o.
    (c) A regression analysis method that allows to adjust the aforementioned theoretical model (b) to the aforementioned experimental data (a) to estimate the parameters of said theoretical model.
    For illustrative purposes and without limitation, the following example shows an embodiment of the experimental data analysis applied to measure the resistance to the opening of meshes of a polyethylene network sample with a nominal mesh size of 80 mm and a wire diameter of 4 mm, a common material in commercial fishing nets. The sample has a rectangular shape, with mn = 8 meshes in the normal direction and mt = 4 meshes in the transverse direction. The method includes:
    i
    (to) A set of experimental data consisting of 18 pairs of values (Fn, Lni), i = 1 ... 18, represented in Figure 6 by circles.
    (b) A theoretical model that describes the resistance to the opening of the network sample by means of a set of nonlinear mathematical relations of type:
    Fn = Fn (mn, mt, Ln, Lt, b, El, Ltwine, e)Ft = Ft (mn, mt, Ln, Lt, b, El, Ltwine, e)An example of such a model is described in the article by O'Neill (2002).
    (c) A method of regression analysis, of non-linear regression type, which allows to adjust the aforementioned theoretical model (b) to the aforementioned experimental data
    (to) to estimate the parameters b, El, Ltwine and e of said theoretical model. During the regression analysis it is necessary to calculate with the theoretical model the normal length Ln of the sample for a certain value of normal force Fn Y with certain values of the parameters to be estimated. This is done by solving the equations of the theoretical model by imposing that Ft = 0, which is a consequence of the method used to obtain the experimental results. The results of
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    Regression analyzes comprise the estimates of the parameters of the model.
    Figure 6 represents by curves the adjustments obtained with several theoretical models.
    The particular characteristics of the theoretical model of resistance to the opening of meshes and of the method of regression analysis will be independent of the object of the present disclosure.
    Although in the present memory only particular embodiments have been represented and described, the person skilled in the art will know how to introduce modifications and replace some technical characteristics with equivalent ones, depending on the requirements of each case, without separating from the scope of protection defined by the claims. Attached
    Nº application07 / 10 / 2014F.OEPM06 / 10 / 2014F.Efectiva
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Method to determine the resistance to opening of the meshes of a network, which includes the steps of:
    (to) spreading a sample of the net in the normal direction of the meshes allowing the meshes to deform freely in the transverse direction, so that the force applied in the transverse direction on each mesh of the sample is zero;
    (b) measuring the length of the sample in the normal direction of the meshes and the force applied on the sample in said normal direction;
    (c) recording said pair of force and length measurements;
    (d) repeat steps (a) to (c) for different degrees of extension of the sample, thus obtaining a set of experimental data that characterizes the resistance to opening of the sample.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, in which the spreading of the sample is carried out by applying a predetermined force on it in the normal direction.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 2, in which the different degrees of extension of the sample are obtained by applying different predetermined forces in an increasing direction.
    [4]
    Four. Method according to claim 1, in which the spreading of the sample is carried out by imposing a predetermined length in the normal direction.
    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 4, in which the different degrees of extension of the sample are obtained by imposing different predetermined lengths in an increasing direction.
    [6]
    6. Method according to claim 1, in which the extension of the sample is carried out at a predetermined speed, and the force and length measurements are carried out at predetermined instants of time.
    [7]
    7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, in which the sample is rectangular and is held by the nodes of one of its edges parallel to the transverse direction to a fixed clamping piece, and is held by the nodes of the other
    edge parallel to the transverse direction to a clamping piece that can be moved in the normal direction, in both cases by a clamping means with freedom of transverse translation.
    [8]
    8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, which comprises the following additional step to be carried out after those set out in claim 1: -based on the set of pairs of force and length measurements previously obtained, estimating the parameters of a theoretical model that describes the resistance to opening of the meshes of the network through mathematical relationships between the forces applied to the meshes and the deformations of the same.
    [9]
    9. Method according to claim 8, wherein at least one of said parameters is a geometric parameter of the sample.
    [10]
    10. Method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein at least one of said parameters is a mechanical parameter of the sample.
    [11]
    eleven. Method according to claim 10, in which at least one of said parameters is the flexural stiffness of the threads of the meshes.
    [12]
    12. Method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, in which the estimation of the parameters of the theoretical model comprises a regression analysis to fit the theoretical model to the experimental set.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015144966A1|2015-10-01|
    ES2546742B2|2016-02-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES2681921A1|2017-03-17|2018-09-17|Universidade Da Coruña|Non-destructive method to determine the resistance to the opening of the meshes of a network |GB1096155A|1966-07-12|1967-12-20|Colonial Treasurer Inc|Device for opening trawl nets|
    CN101738272B|2008-11-10|2011-10-05|中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所|Method for reducing estimation error of trawl resistance of double-boat bottom layer|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201400262A|ES2546742B2|2014-03-28|2014-03-28|Method to determine the resistance to the opening of the meshes of a network|ES201400262A| ES2546742B2|2014-03-28|2014-03-28|Method to determine the resistance to the opening of the meshes of a network|
    PCT/ES2015/070237| WO2015144966A1|2014-03-28|2015-03-27|Method for determining the opening resistence of the mesh of a net|
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